UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 8-K

 

CURRENT REPORT
Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the

Securities Exchange Act of 1934

 

Date of report (Date of earliest event reported): January 22, 2015

 

Verastem, Inc.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)

 

Delaware

 

001-35403

 

27-3269467

(State or Other Jurisdiction

of Incorporation)

 

(Commission
File Number)

 

(IRS Employer
Identification No.)

 

117 Kendrick Street, Suite 500, Needham, MA

 

02494

(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

 

(Zip Code)

 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:  (781) 292-4200

 

 

(Former Name or Former Address, if Changed Since Last Report)

 

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions (see General Instruction A.2. below):

 

o    Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)

 

o    Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)

 

o    Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))

 

o    Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))

 

 

 



 

Item 8.01. Other Events.

 

On January 22, 2015, Verastem, Inc. (the “Company”) entered into an Underwriting Agreement (the “Underwriting Agreement”) with Jefferies LLC and Leerink Partners LLC, as representatives of the underwriters named in Schedule A thereto  (the “Underwriters”), relating to the underwritten offering of 7,250,000 shares (the “Shares”) of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Offering”).  The price to the public is $6.50 per share and the Underwriters have agreed to purchase the Shares pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement at a price of $6.11 per share. In addition, the Company has granted the Underwriters an option exercisable for 30 days from the date of the Underwriting Agreement to purchase up to an additional 1,087,500 shares of the Company’s common stock.

 

The Offering is being made pursuant to a shelf registration statement the Company filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission that became effective on January 8, 2014 (Registration No. 333-192968) and a related prospectus supplement. The closing of the Offering is expected to take place on or about January 28, 2015, subject to the satisfaction of customary closing conditions.

 

A copy of the Underwriting Agreement is filed as Exhibit 1.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K.

 

Ropes & Gray LLP, counsel to the Company, has issued an opinion to the Company, dated January 22, 2015, regarding the Shares to be sold in the Offering. A copy of the opinion is filed as Exhibit 5.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K.

 

Item 9.01. Financial Statements and Exhibits.

 

See Exhibit Index attached hereto.

 

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SIGNATURE

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

 

 

VERASTEM, INC.

 

 

 

 

 

Date: January 23, 2015

By:

/s/ John B. Green

 

 

John B. Green

 

 

Chief Financial Officer

 

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EXHIBIT INDEX

 

Exhibit No.

 

Description

 

 

 

1.1

 

Underwriting Agreement, dated January 22, 2015, by and among the Company and Jefferies LLC and Leerink Partners LLC, as representatives of the underwriters named in Schedule A thereto.

 

 

 

5.1

 

Opinion of Ropes & Gray LLP.

 

 

 

23.1

 

Consent of Ropes & Gray LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1 above).

 

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Exhibit 1.1

 

7,250,000 Shares

 

Verastem, Inc.

 

UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT

 

January 22, 2015

 

JEFFERIES LLC
520 Madison Avenue
New York, New York 10022

 

LEERINK PARTNERS LLC
299 Park Avenue
New York, New York 10171

 

As Representatives of the several Underwriters

 

Ladies and Gentlemen:

 

Verastem, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), proposes to issue and sell to the underwriters named in Schedule A annexed hereto (the “Underwriters”), for whom you are acting as representatives, an aggregate of 7,250,000 shares (the “Firm Shares”) of common stock, $0.0001 par value per share (the “Common Stock”), of the Company.  In addition, the Company proposes to grant to the Underwriters the option to purchase from the Company up to an additional 1,087,500 shares of Common Stock (the “Additional Shares”).  The Firm Shares and the Additional Shares are hereinafter collectively sometimes referred to as the “Shares.”  The Shares are described in the Prospectus which is referred to below.

 

The Company has prepared and filed, in accordance with the provisions of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the “Act”), with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) a registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 192968) under the Act, including a prospectus, relating to the Shares, which registration statement incorporates by reference documents which the Company has filed, or will file, in accordance with the provisions of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the “Exchange Act”).  Such registration statement has become effective under the Act.

 

Except where the context otherwise requires, “Registration Statement,” as used herein, means the registration statement, as amended at the time of such registration statement’s effectiveness for purposes of Section 11 of the Act, as such section applies to the respective Underwriters (the “Effective Time”), including (i) all documents filed as a part thereof or incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference therein, (ii) any information contained or incorporated by reference in a prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b)

 



 

under the Act, to the extent such information is deemed, pursuant to Rule 430B or 430C under the Act, to be part of the registration statement at the Effective Time, and (iii) any registration statement filed to register the offer and sale of Shares pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Act.

 

The Company has furnished to you, for use by the Underwriters and by dealers in connection with the offering of the Shares, copies of one or more preliminary prospectus supplements, and the documents incorporated by reference therein, relating to the Shares.  Except where the context otherwise requires, “Pre-Pricing Prospectus,” as used herein, means each such preliminary prospectus supplement, in the form so furnished, including any basic prospectus (whether or not in preliminary form) furnished to you by the Company and attached to or used with such preliminary prospectus supplement.  Except where the context otherwise requires, “Basic Prospectus,” as used herein, means any such basic prospectus and any basic prospectus furnished to you by the Company and attached to or used with the Prospectus Supplement (as defined below).

 

Except where the context otherwise requires, “Prospectus Supplement,” as used herein, means the final prospectus supplement, relating to the Shares, filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Act on or before the second business day after the date hereof (or such earlier time as may be required under the Act) in the form furnished by the Company to you for use by the Underwriters and by dealers in connection with the offering of the Shares.

 

Except where the context otherwise requires, “Prospectus,” as used herein, means the Prospectus Supplement together with the Basic Prospectus attached to or used with the Prospectus Supplement.

 

Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses,” as used herein, means the documents listed on Schedule B attached hereto and each “road show” (as defined in Rule 433 under the Act), if any, related to the offering of the Shares contemplated hereby that is a “written communication” (as defined in Rule 405 under the Act).  The Underwriters have not offered or sold and will not offer or sell, without the Company’s consent, any Shares by means of any “free writing prospectus” (as defined in Rule 405 under the Act) that is required to be filed by the Underwriters with the Commission pursuant to Rule 433 under the Act, other than a Permitted Free Writing Prospectus.

 

Covered Free Writing Prospectuses,” as used herein, means (i) each “issuer free writing prospectus” (as defined in Rule 433(h)(1) under the Act), if any, relating to the Shares, which is not a Permitted Free Writing Prospectus and (ii) each Permitted Free Writing Prospectus.

 

Exempt Written Communication,” as used herein, means each written communication, if any, by the Company or any person authorized to act on behalf of the Company made to one or more qualified institutional buyers (“QIBs”), as defined in Rule 144A under the Act, and/or one or more institutions that are accredited investors (“IAIs”), as defined in Rule 501(a) under the Act, to determine whether such investors might have an interest in a contemplated securities offering.

 

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Exempt Oral Communication,” as used herein, means each oral communication, if any, made prior to the filing of the Registration Statement by the Company or any person authorized to act on behalf of the Company made to one or more QIBs and/or one or more IAIs to determine whether such investors might have an interest in a contemplated securities offering.

 

Permitted Exempt Written Communication,” as used herein, means the documents listed on Schedule B attached hereto.

 

Covered Exempt Written Communication,” as used herein, means (i) each Exempt Written Communication that is not a Permitted Exempt Written Communication and (ii) each Permitted Exempt Written Communication.

 

Disclosure Package,” as used herein, means, collectively, with the pricing information set forth on Schedule B attached hereto, the Pre-Pricing Prospectus dated January 20, 2015 and any Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses listed on Schedule B attached hereto, if any, considered together. “Applicable Time,” as used herein, means 5:30 P.M.., New York City time, on January 22, 2015.

 

Any reference herein to the Registration Statement, any Basic Prospectus, any Pre-Pricing Prospectus, the Prospectus Supplement, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include the documents, if any, incorporated by reference therein pursuant to Item 12 of Form S-3 (the “Incorporated Documents”), including, unless the context otherwise requires, the documents, if any, filed as exhibits to such Incorporated Documents.  Any reference herein to the terms “amend,” “amendment” or “supplement” with respect to the Registration Statement, any Basic Prospectus, any Pre-Pricing Prospectus, the Prospectus Supplement, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include the filing of any document under the Exchange Act on or after the initial effective date of the Registration Statement, or the date of such Basic Prospectus, such Pre-Pricing Prospectus, the Prospectus Supplement, the Prospectus or such Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, as the case may be, which is deemed to be incorporated therein by reference.

 

As used in this Agreement, “business day” shall mean a day on which the New York Stock Exchange (the “NYSE”) is open for trading. The terms “herein,” “hereof,” “hereto,” “hereinafter” and similar terms, as used in this Agreement, shall in each case refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular section, paragraph, sentence or other subdivision of this Agreement. The term “or,” as used herein, is not exclusive.

 

The Company and the Underwriters agree as follows:

 

1.             Sale and Purchase.  Upon the basis of the representations and warranties and subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, the Company agrees to issue and sell to the respective Underwriters and each of the Underwriters, severally and not jointly, agrees to purchase from the Company the number of Firm Shares set forth opposite the name of such Underwriter in Schedule A attached hereto, subject to adjustment in accordance with Section 8 hereof, in each case at a purchase price of $6.11 per Share.  The Company is advised by you that the Underwriters intend (i) to make a public offering of their respective portions of the Firm

 

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Shares as soon after the effective date of this Agreement as in your judgment is advisable and (ii) initially to offer the Firm Shares upon the terms set forth in the Prospectus.  You may from time to time increase or decrease the public offering price after the initial public offering to such extent as you may determine.

 

In addition, the Company hereby grants to the several Underwriters the option (the “Additional Share Option”) to purchase, and upon the basis of the representations and warranties and subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, the Underwriters shall have the right to purchase, severally and not jointly, from the Company, ratably in accordance with the number of Firm Shares to be purchased by each of them, all or a portion of the Additional Shares, at the same purchase price per Share to be paid by the Underwriters to the Company for the Firm Shares.  The Additional Share Option may be exercised by Jefferies LLC (“Jefferies”) on behalf of the several Underwriters at any time and from time to time on or before the thirtieth day following the date of the Prospectus, by written notice to the Company.  Such notice shall set forth the aggregate number of Additional Shares as to which the Additional Share Option is being exercised and the date and time when the Additional Shares are to be delivered (any such date and time being herein referred to as an “additional time of purchase”); provided, however, that no additional time of purchase shall be earlier than the “time of purchase” (as defined below) nor earlier than the second business day after the date on which the Additional Share Option shall have been exercised nor later than the tenth business day after the date on which the Additional Share Option shall have been exercised.  The number of Additional Shares to be sold to each Underwriter shall be the number which bears the same proportion to the aggregate number of Additional Shares being purchased as the number of Firm Shares set forth opposite the name of such Underwriter on Schedule A hereto bears to the total number of Firm Shares (subject, in each case, to such adjustment as Jefferies may determine to eliminate fractional shares), subject to adjustment in accordance with Section 8 hereof.

 

2.             Payment and Delivery.  Payment of the purchase price for the Firm Shares shall be made to the Company by Federal Funds wire transfer against delivery of the certificates for the Firm Shares to you through the facilities of The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) for the respective accounts of the Underwriters. Such payment and delivery shall be made at 10:00 A.M., New York City time, on January 28, 2015 (unless another time shall be agreed to by you and the Company or unless postponed in accordance with the provisions of Section 8 hereof).  The time at which such payment and delivery are to be made is hereinafter sometimes called the “time of purchase.”  Electronic transfer of the Firm Shares shall be made to you at the time of purchase in such names and in such denominations as you shall specify.

 

Payment of the purchase price for the Additional Shares shall be made at the additional time of purchase in the same manner and at the same office and time of day as the payment for the Firm Shares. Electronic transfer of the Additional Shares shall be made to you at the additional time of purchase in such names and in such denominations as you shall specify.

 

Deliveries of the documents described in Section 6 hereof with respect to the purchase of the Shares shall be made at the offices of Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP at 200 Park Avenue, New York, New York, at 9:00 A.M., New York City time, on the date of the closing of the purchase of the Firm Shares or the Additional Shares, as the case may be.

 

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3.             Representations and Warranties of the Company.  The Company represents and warrants to and agrees with each of the Underwriters that:

 

(a)           the Registration Statement has heretofore become effective under the Act; no order of the Commission preventing or suspending the use of any Basic Prospectus, any Pre-Pricing Prospectus, the Prospectus Supplement, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus has been issued, no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, has been issued, and no proceedings for such purpose have been instituted or, to the Company’s knowledge, are contemplated by the Commission;

 

(b)           the Registration Statement complied when it became effective, complies as of the date hereof and, as amended or supplemented, at the time of purchase and each additional time of purchase, if any, will comply, in all material respects, with the requirements of the Act; the conditions to the use of Form S-3 in connection with the offering and sale of the Shares as contemplated hereby have been satisfied; the Registration Statement meets, and the offering and sale of the Shares as contemplated hereby complies with, the requirements of Rule 415 under the Act; the Registration Statement did not, as of the Effective Time, contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; each Pre-Pricing Prospectus complied, at the time it was filed with the Commission, in all material respects, with the requirements of the Act; the Disclosure Package, as of the Applicable Time, did not include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; each of the Prospectus Supplement and the Prospectus will comply, as of the date that it is filed with the Commission, the date of the Prospectus Supplement, the time of purchase and each additional time of purchase, if any, in all material respects, with the requirements of the Act (including, without limitation, Section 10(a) of the Act); the Prospectus, as of its date, the date that it is filed with the Commission, the time of purchase and each additional time of purchase, if any, will not, as then amended or supplemented, include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided, however, that the Company makes no representation or warranty in this Section 3(b) with respect to any statement contained in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package or the Prospectus made in reliance upon and in conformity with information relating to an Underwriter and furnished in writing by or on behalf of such Underwriter through you to the Company expressly for use in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package or the Prospectus; each Incorporated Document, at the time such document was filed, or will be filed, with the Commission or at the time such document became or becomes effective, as applicable, complied or will comply, in all material respects, with the requirements of the Exchange Act and did not or will not, as applicable, include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading;

 

(c)           prior to the execution of this Agreement, the Company has not, directly or indirectly, offered or sold any Shares by means of any “prospectus” (within the meaning

 

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of the Act) or used any “prospectus” (within the meaning of the Act) in connection with the offer or sale of the Shares, in each case other than the Pre-Pricing Prospectuses and the Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses, if any and, the Permitted Exempt Written Communications, if any; the Company has not, directly or indirectly, prepared, used or referred to any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus except in compliance with Rules 164 and 433 under the Act; assuming that such Permitted Free Writing Prospectus is so sent or given after the Registration Statement was filed with the Commission (and after such Permitted Free Writing Prospectus was, if required pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Act, filed with the Commission), the sending or giving, by any Underwriter, of any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus will satisfy the provisions of Rule 164 and Rule 433 (without reliance on subsections (b), (c) and (d) of Rule 164); the conditions set forth in one or more of subclauses (i) through (iv), inclusive, of Rule 433(b)(1) under the Act are satisfied, and neither the Company nor the Underwriters are disqualified, by reason of subsection (f) or (g) of Rule 164 under the Act, from using, in connection with the offer and sale of the Shares, “free writing prospectuses” (as defined in Rule 405 under the Act) pursuant to Rules 164 and 433 under the Act; the Company is not an “ineligible issuer” (as defined in Rule 405 under the Act) as of the eligibility determination date for purposes of Rules 164 and 433 under the Act with respect to the offering of the Shares contemplated by the Registration Statement, without taking into account any determination by the Commission pursuant to Rule 405 under the Act that it is not necessary under the circumstances that the Company be considered an “ineligible issuer”; the parties hereto agree and understand that the content of any and all “road shows” (as defined in Rule 433 under the Act), Exempt Oral Communications and Covered Exempt Written Communications related to the offering of the Shares contemplated hereby is solely the property of the Company;

 

(d)           from the time of filing of the Registration Statement with the Commission (or, if earlier, the first date on which the Company engaged, directly or through any person authorized to act on its behalf, in any Exempt Oral Communication or Exempt Written Communication) through the date hereof, the Company has been and is an emerging growth company (“EGC”), as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the Act;

 

(e)           each Permitted Exempt Written Communication, if any, when taken together with the Disclosure Package, did not as of its date include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading;

 

(f)            the Company has, prior to the date of the Pre-Pricing Prospectus, furnished to you a list containing the names of the recipients of all Covered Exempt Written Communications and all Exempt Oral Communications; if any; the Company has not authorized anyone other than the Representatives to engage in any Exempt Oral Communication or Exempt Written Communication; the Company hereby reconfirms that the Representatives has been authorized to act on its behalf in undertaking any Exempt Oral Communications or Exempt Written Communications;

 

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(g)           each Covered Exempt Written Communication, if any, does not as of the date hereof conflict with the information contained in the Registration Statement, the Pre-Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus;

 

(h)           As of the date of this Agreement, the Company has an authorized and outstanding capitalization as set forth in the sections of the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus entitled “The Offering,” “Description of Common Stock” and “Description of Preferred Stock” (and any similar sections or information, if any, contained in any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus), and, as of the time of purchase and any additional time of purchase, as the case may be, the Company shall have an authorized and outstanding capitalization as set forth in the sections of the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus entitled “The Offering,” “Description of Common Stock” and “Description of Preferred Stock” (and any similar sections or information, if any, contained in any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus) (subject, in each case, to the issuance of shares of Common Stock upon exercise of stock options and warrants and settlement of restricted stock units granted under existing equity plans described in the Registration Statement (excluding the exhibits thereto), the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, the grant of awards under existing equity incentive plans described in the Registration Statement (excluding the exhibits thereto), the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus and the grant of stock options pursuant to the Company’s inducement award programs, as described in the Registration Statement on Form S-8 on December 19, 2014); all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock, including the Common Stock, of the Company have been duly authorized and validly issued and are fully paid and non-assessable, have been issued in compliance with all applicable securities laws and were not issued in violation of any preemptive right, resale right, right of first refusal or similar right; the Shares are duly listed, and admitted and authorized for trading, subject to official notice of issuance, on the NASDAQ Global Market (the “NASDAQ”);

 

(i)            the Company has been duly incorporated and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware, with full corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and conduct its business as described in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, to execute and deliver this Agreement and to issue, sell and deliver the Shares as contemplated herein;

 

(j)            the Company is duly qualified to do business as a foreign corporation and is in good standing in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, which is the only jurisdiction where the ownership or leasing of its properties or the conduct of its business requires such qualification, except where the failure to be so qualified and in good standing would not, individually or in the aggregate, either (i) have a material adverse effect on the business, properties, financial condition, results of operations or prospects of the Company and the Subsidiary (as defined below) taken as a whole, (ii) prevent or materially interfere with consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby or (iii) result in the delisting of shares of Common Stock from the NASDAQ (the occurrence of any such effect or any such prevention or interference or any such result described in the

 

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foregoing clauses (i), (ii) and (iii) being herein referred to as a “Material Adverse Effect”);

 

(k)           the Company has no subsidiaries (as defined under the Act) other than Verastem Securities Company (the “Subsidiary”); the Company owns all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of the Subsidiary; other than the capital stock of the Subsidiary, the Company does not own, directly or indirectly, any shares of stock or any other equity interests or long-term debt securities of any corporation, firm, partnership, joint venture, association or other entity; complete and correct copies of the charters and the bylaws of the Company and the Subsidiary and all amendments thereto have been made available to you, and no changes therein will be made on or after the date hereof through and including the time of purchase or, if later, any additional time of purchase; the Subsidiary has been duly incorporated and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, with full corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to conduct its business as described in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus; the Subsidiary is duly qualified to do business as a foreign corporation and is in good standing in each jurisdiction where the ownership or leasing of its properties or the conduct of its business requires such qualification, except where the failure to be so qualified and in good standing would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect; all of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Subsidiary have been duly authorized and validly issued, are fully paid and non-assessable, have been issued in compliance with all applicable securities laws, were not issued in violation of any preemptive right, resale right, right of first refusal or similar right and are owned by the Company subject to no security interest, other encumbrance or adverse claims; and no options, warrants or other rights to purchase, agreements or other obligations to issue or other rights to convert any obligation into shares of capital stock or ownership interests in the Subsidiary are outstanding;

 

(l)            the Shares have been duly and validly authorized and, when issued and delivered against payment therefor as provided herein, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable and free of statutory and contractual preemptive rights, resale rights, rights of first refusal and similar rights; the Shares, when issued and delivered against payment therefor as provided herein, will be free of any restriction upon the voting or transfer thereof pursuant to the Delaware General Corporation Law or the Company’s charter or bylaws or any agreement or other instrument to which the Company is a party;

 

(m)          the capital stock of the Company, including the Shares, conforms in all material respects to each description thereof, if any, contained or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus;

 

(n)           there is no franchise, contract or other document of a character required to be described in the Registration Statement or Prospectus, or to be filed as an exhibit thereto, which is not described or filed as required (and the Disclosure Package contains in all material respects the same description of the foregoing matters contained in the Prospectus);

 

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(o)           this Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company;

 

(p)           neither the Company nor the Subsidiary is in breach or violation of or in default under (nor has any event occurred which, with notice, lapse of time or both, would result in any breach or violation of, constitute a default under or give the holder of any indebtedness (or a person acting on such holder’s behalf) the right to require the repurchase, redemption or repayment of all or a part of such indebtedness under) (A) its respective charter or bylaws, or (B) any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, bank loan or credit agreement or other evidence of indebtedness, or any license, lease, contract or other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it or any of its properties may be bound or affected, or (C) any applicable federal, state, local or foreign law, regulation or rule, or (D) any applicable rule or regulation of any self-regulatory organization or other non-governmental regulatory authority (including, without limitation, the rules and regulations of the NASDAQ), or (E) any decree, judgment or order applicable to it or any of its properties, except, in the case of the foregoing clauses (B), (C), (D) and (E), for any such breach, violation, default or event that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect;

 

(q)           the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement, the issuance and sale of the Shares and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby will not conflict with, result in any breach or violation of or constitute a default under (nor constitute any event which, with notice, lapse of time or both, would result in any breach or violation of, constitute a default under or give the holder of any indebtedness (or a person acting on such holder’s behalf) the right to require the repurchase, redemption or repayment of all or a part of such indebtedness under) (or result in the creation or imposition of a lien, charge or encumbrance on any property or assets of the Company or the Subsidiary pursuant to) (A) the charter or bylaws of the Company or the Subsidiary, or (B) any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, bank loan or credit agreement or other evidence of indebtedness, or any license, lease, contract or other agreement or instrument to which the Company or the Subsidiary is a party or by which either of them or any of their respective properties may be bound or affected, or (C) any applicable federal, state, local or foreign law, regulation or rule, or (D) any applicable rule or regulation of any self-regulatory organization or other non-governmental regulatory authority (including, without limitation, the rules and regulations of the NASDAQ), or (E) any decree, judgment or order applicable to the Company or the Subsidiary or any of their respective properties, except, in the case of the foregoing clauses (B), (C), (D) and (E), for any such conflict, breach, violation, default or event that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect;

 

(r)            no approval, authorization, consent or order of or filing with any federal, state, local or foreign governmental or regulatory commission, board, body, authority or agency, or of or with any self-regulatory organization or other non-governmental regulatory authority (including, without limitation, the NASDAQ) having jurisdiction over the Company, or approval of the stockholders of the Company, is required in connection with the issuance and sale of the Shares or the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby, other than (i) the registration of the

 

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Shares under the Act, which has been effected (or, with respect to any registration statement to be filed hereunder pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Act, will be effected in accordance herewith), (ii) any necessary qualification under the securities or blue sky laws of the various jurisdictions in which the Shares are being offered by the Underwriters, (iii) under the Conduct Rules of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”), (iv) any listing applications and related consents or any notices required by NASDAQ in the ordinary course of the offering of the Shares, (v) filings with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Act or (vi) filings with the Commission on Form 8-K with respect to the Underwriting Agreement and Exhibit 5 opinion;

 

(s)            except as described in the Registration Statement (excluding the exhibits thereto), the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, (i) no person has the right, contractual or otherwise, to cause the Company to issue or sell to it any shares of Common Stock or shares of any other capital stock or other equity interests of the Company, (ii) no person has any preemptive rights, resale rights, rights of first refusal or other rights to purchase any shares of Common Stock or shares of any other capital stock of or other equity interests in the Company and (iii) no person has the right to act as an underwriter or as a financial advisor to the Company in connection with the offer and sale of the Shares; no person has the right, contractual or otherwise, to cause the Company to register under the Act any shares of Common Stock or shares of any other capital stock of or other equity interests in the Company, or to include any such shares or interests in the Registration Statement or the offering contemplated by this Agreement, except any such right that has been validly waived in writing as of the date of this Agreement, copies of such waivers to have been made available to you; no person has the right, contractual or otherwise, to cause the Company to register under the Act any shares of Common Stock or shares of any other capital stock of or other equity interests in the Company, or to include any such shares or interests in any other offering of securities of the Company except for any demand registration right pursuant to Section 2.1 of that certain Second Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement, dated as of November 1, 2011 (the “IRA”);

 

(t)            each of the Company and the Subsidiary has all necessary licenses, authorizations, consents and approvals and has made all necessary filings required under any applicable law, regulation or rule, and has obtained all necessary licenses, authorizations, consents and approvals from other persons, in order to conduct their respective businesses, except where failure to have, make or obtain the same would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect; neither the Company nor the Subsidiary is in violation of, or in default under, or has received notice of any proceedings relating to revocation or modification of, any such license, authorization, consent or approval or any federal, state, local or foreign law, regulation or rule or any decree, order or judgment applicable to the Company or the Subsidiary, except where such violation, default, revocation or modification would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect;

 

(u)           there are no actions, suits, claims, investigations or proceedings pending to which the Company or the Subsidiary or, to the Company’s knowledge, any of their

 

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respective directors or officers is or would be a party or of which any of their respective properties is or would be subject at law or in equity, before or by any federal, state, local or foreign governmental or regulatory commission, board, body, authority or agency, or before or by any self-regulatory organization or other non-governmental regulatory authority (including, without limitation, the NASDAQ), except any such action, suit, claim, investigation or proceeding which, if resolved adversely to the Company or the Subsidiary, would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect (assuming, with respect to any such action, suit, claim, investigation or proceeding to which the Company or the Subsidiary is a party, that such action, suit, claim, investigation or proceeding was resolved adversely to the Company  or the Subsidiary, as the case may be); and, to the Company’s knowledge, no such actions, suits, claims, investigations or proceedings are threatened or contemplated;

 

(v)           Ernst & Young LLP, whose report on the financial statements of the Company is included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, are independent registered public accountants as required by the Act and by the rules of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board;

 

(w)          the financial statements included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, together with the related notes and schedules, present fairly the financial position of the Company as of the dates indicated and the results of operations, cash flows and changes in stockholders’ equity of the Company for the periods specified and have been prepared in compliance in all material respects with the requirements of the Act and Exchange Act and in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved, except as otherwise disclosed therein and, in the case of unaudited, interim financial statements, subject to normal year-end audit adjustments and the exclusion of certain footnotes; all pro forma financial statements or data included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, if any, comply in all material respects with the requirements of the Act and the Exchange Act, to the extent applicable, and the assumptions used in the preparation of such pro forma financial statements and data are reasonable, the pro forma adjustments used therein are appropriate to give effect to the transactions or circumstances described therein and the pro forma adjustments have been properly applied to the historical amounts in the compilation of those statements and data; the other financial data contained or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, are accurately and fairly presented in all material respects and prepared on a basis consistent with the financial statements and books and records of the Company; there are no financial statements (historical or pro forma) that are required to be included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package or the Prospectus that are not included or incorporated by reference as required; and the Company and the Subsidiary do not have any material liabilities or obligations, direct or contingent (including any off-balance sheet obligations), not described in the Registration Statement (excluding the exhibits thereto), the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus;

 

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(x)           except as disclosed in the Registration Statement (excluding the exhibits thereto), the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, each stock option granted under any equity incentive plan of the Company (each, a “Stock Plan”) was granted with a per share exercise price no less than the fair market value per share of Common Stock on the grant date of such option, and no such grant involved any “back-dating” or similar practice with respect to the effective date of such grant; except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect, each such option (i) was granted in compliance with applicable law and with the applicable Stock Plan(s), (ii) was duly approved by the board of directors (or a duly authorized committee thereof or by an executive officer pursuant to Section 157(c) of the Delaware General Corporation Law) of the Company and (iii) has been properly accounted for in the Company’s financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles and disclosed in the Company’s filings with the Commission;

 

(y)           subsequent to the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, in each case excluding any amendments or supplements to the foregoing made after the execution of this Agreement, there has not been (i) any material adverse change, or any development that would be reasonably expected to result in a material adverse change, in the business, properties, management, financial condition or results of operations of the Company and the Subsidiary taken as a whole, (ii) any transaction to which the Company is a party which is material to the Company and the Subsidiary taken as a whole, (iii) any obligation or liability, direct or contingent (including any off-balance sheet obligations), incurred by the Company or the Subsidiary, which is material to the Company and the Subsidiary taken as a whole, (iv) any change in the capital stock or outstanding indebtedness of the Company or the Subsidiary (other than the issuance of shares of Common Stock upon exercise of stock options or vesting of restricted stock units granted under existing equity plans described in the Registration Statement (excluding the exhibits thereto), the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus and the grant of awards under equity incentive plans described in the Registration Statement (excluding the exhibits thereto), the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, and the grant of stock options pursuant to the Company’s inducement award programs, as described in the Registration Statement on Form S-8 on December 19, 2014, in each case in the ordinary course of business) or (v) any dividend or distribution of any kind declared, paid or made on the capital stock of the Company;

 

(z)           the Company has obtained for the benefit of the Underwriters the agreement (a “Lock-Up Agreement”), in the form set forth as Exhibit A hereto, of each of its directors and “officers” (within the meaning of Rule 16a-1(f) under the Exchange Act);

 

(aa)         neither the Company nor the Subsidiary is and, after giving effect to the offering and sale of the Shares and the application of the proceeds thereof, neither of them will be, an “investment company” or an entity “controlled” by an “investment company,” as such terms are defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”);

 

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(bb)         each of the Company and the Subsidiary has good title to all personal property described in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus as being owned by it, free and clear of all liens, claims, security interest or other encumbrances, except those that do not materially interfere with the use or proposed use of such property by the Company or the Subsidiary, respectively, or as would not materially or adversely affect the value of such property; neither the Company nor the Subsidiary owns any real property; all the real property described in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus as being held under lease by the Company or the Subsidiary is held thereby under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases;

 

(cc)         except (A) as described in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus or (B) as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect, (i) the Company or the Subsidiary owns the inventions, patent applications, patents, trademarks (both registered and unregistered), tradenames, service names, copyrights, trade secrets and other proprietary information (collectively, “Intellectual Property”) described in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus as being owned by it and owns or has obtained valid and enforceable licenses for, or other rights to use, all Intellectual Property used in, or necessary for, the conduct of the businesses of the Company and the Subsidiary as currently conducted or as proposed to be conducted (including the commercialization of products or services described in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus as under development) (collectively, “Company Intellectual Property”), except as enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency or similar laws affecting the rights of creditors generally and general equitable principles; (ii) there are no third parties who have, or, to the Company’s knowledge, will be able to establish, rights to use any Company Intellectual Property that is owned or purported to be owned by the Company or the Subsidiary, other than any co-owner of any patent or patent application constituting Intellectual Property who is listed as such on the records of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (the “PTO”), and, to the Company’s knowledge, no third party has any ownership interest in or to any Company Intellectual Property that is exclusively licensed to the Company or the Subsidiary, except for, and to the extent of, the ownership rights of the owners of the Company Intellectual Property which the Registration Statement (excluding the exhibits thereto), the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus disclose is licensed to the Company or the Subsidiary; (iii) to the Company’s knowledge, there is no infringement, misappropriation or other violation by any third parties of any Company Intellectual Property owned by or exclusively licensed to the Company or the Subsidiary; (iv) neither the Company nor the Subsidiary has received any notice from, and there is no pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by, others challenging the Company’s or the Subsidiary’s rights in or to any Company Intellectual Property, and the Company is unaware of any facts which would form a reasonable basis for any such action, suit, proceeding or claim; (v) neither the Company nor the Subsidiary has received any notice from, and there is no pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by, others challenging the validity, enforceability or scope of any Company Intellectual Property, and the Company is unaware of any facts which would form a reasonable basis for any such action, suit, proceeding or claim; (vi) neither the Company nor the Subsidiary has

 

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received any notice from, and there is no pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by, others that the Company or the Subsidiary infringes, misappropriates or otherwise violates, or would, upon the commercialization of any product or service described in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus as under development, infringe, misappropriate or violate, any Intellectual Property of others, and the Company is unaware of any facts which would form a reasonable basis for any such action, suit, proceeding or claim; (vii) each of the Company and the Subsidiary has complied with the applicable terms of each agreement pursuant to which Company Intellectual Property has been licensed to such entity, and all such agreements are in full force and effect; (viii) to the Company’s knowledge, there is no patent or patent application that contains claims that, if practiced, would infringe the issued or pending claims of any patents or patent applications included in the Company Intellectual Property or that challenges the validity, enforceability or scope of any of the Company Intellectual Property; (ix) the manufacture, use and sale of the product candidates described in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus as under development by the Company or the Subsidiary fall within the scope of the claims of one or more patents or patent applications owned by, or exclusively licensed to, the Company or the Subsidiary, as the case may be; (x) each of the Company and the Subsidiary has complied and, to the Company’s knowledge, each of their respective licensors has complied, with its duty of candor and disclosure to the PTO with respect to all patent applications owned or exclusively licensed to such entity and included in the Company Intellectual Property and filed with the PTO; (xi) all conditions stated in any license agreement under which Company Intellectual Property is licensed to the Company or the Subsidiary that are required to be satisfied in order for the Company or the Subsidiary, as applicable, to retain exclusive rights have been timely satisfied; (xii) to the Company’s knowledge, the issued patents owned by or exclusively licensed to the Company or the Subsidiary are valid and enforceable and the Company is unaware of any facts that would preclude the issuance of a valid and enforceable patent on any pending patent application owned by the Company or the Subsidiary; (xiii) the Company has taken reasonable steps necessary to secure interests of each of the Company and the Subsidiary in the Company Intellectual Property purported to be owned by such entity from the employees, consultants, agents and contractors of such entity; (xiv) there are no outstanding options, licenses or agreements of any kind relating to the Company Intellectual Property owned by the Company or the Subsidiary that are required to be described in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus that are not so described therein; (xv) neither the Company nor the Subsidiary is a party to or bound by any options, licenses or agreements with respect to the Intellectual Property of any other person or entity that are required to be described in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus that are not so described therein; and (xvi) no government funding, facilities or resources of a university, college, other educational institution or research center was used in the development of any Company Intellectual Property that is owned or purported to be owned by the Company or the Subsidiary that would confer upon any governmental agency or body, university, college, other educational institution or research center any claim or right in or to any such Company Intellectual Property.

 

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(dd)         neither the Company nor the Subsidiary is engaged in any unfair labor practice; except for matters which would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect, (i) there is (A) no unfair labor practice complaint pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened against the Company or the Subsidiary before the National Labor Relations Board, and no grievance or arbitration proceeding arising out of or under collective bargaining agreements is pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened, (B) no strike, labor dispute, slowdown or stoppage pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened against the Company or the Subsidiary and (C) no union representation dispute currently existing concerning the employees of the Company or the Subsidiary, (ii) to the Company’s knowledge, no union organizing activities are currently taking place concerning the employees of the Company or the Subsidiary and (iii) there has been no violation of any federal, state, local or foreign law relating to discrimination in the hiring, promotion or pay of employees, any applicable wage or hour laws or any provision of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, or the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder concerning the employees of the Company or the Subsidiary;

 

(ee)         the Company and the Subsidiary and their respective properties, assets and operations are in compliance with, and the Company and the Subsidiary hold all permits, authorizations and approvals required under, Environmental Laws (as defined below), except to the extent that failure to so comply or to hold such permits, authorizations or approvals would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect; there are no past, present or, to the Company’s knowledge, reasonably anticipated future events, conditions, circumstances, activities, practices, actions, omissions or plans that would reasonably be expected to give rise to any material costs or liabilities to the Company or the Subsidiary under, or to interfere with or prevent compliance by the Company or the Subsidiary with, Environmental Laws; except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect, neither the Company nor the Subsidiary (i) is the subject of any investigation, (ii) has received any notice or claim, (iii) is a party to or affected by any pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened action, suit or proceeding, (iv) is bound by any judgment, decree or order or (v) has entered into any agreement, in each case relating to any alleged violation of any Environmental Law or any actual or alleged release or threatened release or cleanup at any location of any Hazardous Materials (as defined below) (as used herein, “Environmental Law” means any federal, state, local or foreign law, statute, ordinance, rule, regulation, order, decree, judgment, injunction, permit, license, authorization or other binding requirement, or common law, relating to health, safety or the protection, cleanup or restoration of the environment or natural resources, including those relating to the distribution, processing, generation, treatment, storage, disposal, transportation, other handling or release or threatened release of Hazardous Materials, and “Hazardous Materials” means any material (including, without limitation, pollutants, contaminants, hazardous or toxic substances or wastes) that is regulated by or may give rise to liability under any Environmental Law);

 

(ff)          all tax returns required to be filed by the Company or the Subsidiary have been timely filed, and all taxes and other assessments of a similar nature (whether imposed directly or through withholding) including any interest, additions to tax or

 

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penalties applicable thereto due or claimed to be due from such entities have been timely paid, other than those being contested in good faith and for which adequate reserves have been provided, except to the extent failure to file such return or make such payments would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect;

 

(gg)         except as described in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, the Company maintains insurance covering  the properties, operations, personnel and businesses of the Company and the Subsidiary as the Company reasonably deems adequate to insure against such losses and risks in accordance with customary industry practice to protect the Company and the Subsidiary and their respective businesses; all such insurance is fully in force on the date hereof and will be fully in force at the time of purchase and each additional time of purchase, if any; the Company has no reason to believe that it will not be able to renew any such insurance as and when such insurance expires or obtain similar coverage at reasonable cost from similar insurers;

 

(hh)         neither the Company nor the Subsidiary has sent any communication or received any written communication regarding termination of, or intent not to renew, any of the contracts or agreements referred to or described in the Disclosure Package, any Pre-Pricing Prospectus, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, or referred to or described in, or filed as an exhibit to, the Registration Statement or any Incorporated Document, and no such termination or non-renewal has been threatened by the Company or the Subsidiary or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened in writing by any other party to any such contract or agreement;

 

(ii)           the Company has established and maintains a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization; (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles and to maintain accountability for assets; (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization; and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences;

 

(jj)           the Company has established and maintains “disclosure controls and procedures” (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Exchange Act) and “internal control over financial reporting” (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Exchange Act); such disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that material information relating to the Company, including the Subsidiary, is made known to the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer by others within those entities, and such disclosure controls and procedures are effective to perform the functions for which they were established; the Company’s independent registered public accountants and the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company have been advised of: (i) all significant deficiencies, if any, in the design or operation of internal controls which could adversely affect the Company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial data; and (ii) all

 

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fraud, if any, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a role in the Company’s internal controls; at December 31, 2013, no “material weakness” (as such term is defined in Rule 1-02(a)(4) of Regulation S-X under the Act) existed with respect to the Company’s internal control over financial reporting and since the end of the Company’s most recent audited fiscal year there have been no “significant deficiencies” or “material weaknesses” in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting identified to or by the Company’s independent registered accountants or audit committee or Board of Directors of the Company; since the date of the most recent evaluation of such disclosure controls and procedures and internal controls, there have been no significant changes in internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect internal controls, including any corrective actions with regard to significant deficiencies and material weaknesses; and the Company has taken all necessary actions to ensure that, upon and at all times after the filing of the Registration Statement, the principal executive officers (or their equivalents) and principal financial officers (or their equivalents) of the Company have made all certifications required by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”) and any related rules and regulations promulgated by the Commission, and the statements contained in each such certification are complete and correct; the Company, the Subsidiary and the Company’s directors and officers, in their capacities as such, are each, in compliance in all material respects with the applicable provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder;

 

(kk)         each “forward-looking statement” (within the meaning of Section 27A of the Act or Section 21E of the Exchange Act) contained or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus has been made or reaffirmed with a reasonable basis and in good faith;

 

(ll)           all statistical or market-related data included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus are based on or derived from sources that the Company reasonably believes to be reliable and accurate, and the Company has obtained the written consent to the use of such data from such sources to the extent required;

 

(mm)      neither the Company nor the Subsidiary nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any director, officer, agent, employee or affiliate of the Company or the Subsidiary has taken any action, directly or indirectly, while acting on behalf of the Company or the Subsidiary, that would result in a violation by such persons of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder (the “Foreign Corrupt Practices Act”); the Company is not aware of any such action, directly or indirectly, having been taken on behalf of the Company or the Subsidiary; and the Company and the Subsidiary and, to the knowledge of the Company, their respective affiliates have instituted and maintain policies and procedures designed to ensure continued compliance therewith;

 

(nn)         the operations of the Company and the Subsidiary are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with applicable financial recordkeeping and reporting requirements of the USA Patriot Act, the Bank Secrecy Act of 1970, as

 

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amended, the money laundering statutes of all jurisdictions, the rules and regulations thereunder and any related or similar rules, regulations or guidelines, issued, administered or enforced by any governmental agency (collectively, the “Money Laundering Laws”); and no action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator or non-governmental authority involving the Company or the Subsidiary with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened;

 

(oo)         neither the Company nor the Subsidiary nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any director, officer, agent, employee or affiliate of the Company or the Subsidiary is currently subject to any sanctions administered or enforced by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the United States Treasury Department, the United Nations Security Council, the European Union, Her Majesty’s Treasury or any other relevant sanctions authority; and the Company will not directly or indirectly use the proceeds of the offering of the Shares contemplated hereby, or lend, contribute or otherwise make available such proceeds to any subsidiary, joint venture partner or other person or entity for the purpose of financing the activities of any person currently subject to any sanctions administered or enforced by such authorities;

 

(pp)         the Company acknowledges that, in accordance with the requirements of the USA Patriot Act, the Underwriters are required to obtain, verify and record information that identifies their respective clients, including the Company, which information may include the name and address of their respective clients, as well as other information that will allow the Underwriters to properly identify their respective clients;

 

(qq)         the Subsidiary is not currently prohibited, directly or indirectly, from paying any dividends to the Company, from making any other distribution on the Subsidiary’s capital stock, from repaying to the Company any loans or advances to the Subsidiary from the Company or from transferring any of the Subsidiary’s property or assets to the Company, except, in each case, as described in the Registration Statement (excluding the exhibits thereto), the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus;

 

(rr)           the preclinical tests and clinical trials that are described in, or the results of which are referred to in, the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus were and, if still pending, are being conducted in all material respects in accordance with standard accepted medical and scientific research procedures for products or product candidates comparable to those being developed by the Company; the descriptions of the results of such tests and trials contained in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus are accurate and complete, as of the date indicated, in all material respects and fairly present the data derived from such tests and trials, as of the date indicated, and the Company has no knowledge of any other studies or tests or trials not described in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus the results of which reasonably call into question the results described or referred to in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus; neither the Company nor the Subsidiary has received any notices or other correspondence from the Food and Drug Administration of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services or any committee thereof or from any other U.S. or foreign

 

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government or drug or medical device regulatory agency (collectively, the “Regulatory Agencies”) requiring the termination, suspension or material modification of any tests or trials that are described or referred to in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus; and the Company and the Subsidiary have operated and currently are in compliance in all material respects with all applicable rules, regulations and policies of the Regulatory Agencies;

 

(ss)          the issuance and sale of the Shares as contemplated hereby will not cause any holder of any shares of capital stock, securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for capital stock or options, warrants or other rights to purchase capital stock or any other securities of the Company to have any right to acquire any securities of the Company;

 

(tt)           the Company has not received any notice from the NASDAQ regarding the delisting of the Common Stock from the NASDAQ;

 

(uu)         except pursuant to this Agreement, neither the Company nor the Subsidiary has incurred any liability for any finder’s or broker’s fee or agent’s commission in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby or by the Registration Statement;

 

(vv)         neither the Company nor the Subsidiary nor any of their respective directors or officers, affiliates or controlling persons has taken, directly or indirectly, without giving effect to activities by the Underwriters, any action designed, or which has constituted or might reasonably be expected to cause or result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Shares;

 

(ww)       to the Company’s knowledge, there are no affiliations or associations between (i) any member of FINRA and (ii) the Company or any of the Company’s officers, directors or any beneficial owner of the Company’s unregistered equity securities that were acquired at any time on or after the 180th day immediately preceding the date the Registration Statement was initially filed with the Commission, except as disclosed in writing to Jefferies or disclosed in the Registration Statement (excluding the exhibits thereto), the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus; and

 

(xx)         the interactive data in eXtensible Business Reporting Language included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement fairly presents the information called for in all material respects and has been prepared in accordance with the Commission’s rules and guidelines applicable thereto.

 

In addition, any certificate signed by any officer of the Company or the Subsidiary and delivered to any Underwriter or counsel for the Underwriters in connection with the offering of the Shares shall be deemed to be a representation and warranty by the Company, as to matters covered thereby, to each Underwriter.

 

4.             Certain Covenants of the Company.  The Company hereby agrees:

 

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(a)           to furnish such information as may be required and otherwise to cooperate in qualifying the Shares for offering and sale under the securities or blue sky laws of such states or other jurisdictions as you may reasonably designate and to maintain such qualifications in effect so long as you may reasonably request for the distribution of the Shares; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to qualify as a foreign corporation, to subject itself to taxation in any foreign jurisdiction or to consent to the service of process under the laws of any such jurisdiction (except service of process with respect to the offering and sale of the Shares); and to promptly advise you of the receipt by the Company of any notification with respect to the suspension of the qualification of the Shares for offer or sale in any jurisdiction or the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for such purpose;

 

(b)           to make available to the Underwriters in New York City, as soon as practicable after this Agreement becomes effective, and thereafter from time to time to furnish to the Underwriters, as many copies of the Prospectus (or of the Prospectus as amended or supplemented if the Company shall have made any amendments or supplements thereto after the Applicable Time) as the Underwriters may reasonably request for the purposes contemplated by the Act; in case any Underwriter is required to deliver (whether physically or through compliance with Rule 172 under the Act or any similar rule), in connection with the sale of the Shares, a prospectus after the nine-month period referred to in Section 10(a)(3) of the Act, or after the time a post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement is required pursuant to Item 512(a) of Regulation S-K under the Act, the Company will prepare, at its expense, promptly upon request such amendment or amendments to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as may be necessary to permit compliance with the requirements of Section 10(a)(3) of the Act or Item 512(a) of Regulation S-K under the Act, as the case may be;

 

(c)           if, at the time this Agreement is executed and delivered, it is necessary or appropriate for a post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement, or a Registration Statement under Rule 462(b) under the Act, to be filed with the Commission and become effective before the Shares may be sold, the Company will use its reasonable best efforts to cause such post-effective amendment or such Registration Statement to be filed and become effective, and will pay any applicable fees in accordance with the Act, as soon as possible; and the Company will advise you promptly and, if requested by you, will confirm such advice in writing, when such post-effective amendment or such Registration Statement has become effective;

 

(d)           until the later of the time at which (a) a prospectus is not required by the Act to be delivered (whether physically or through compliance with Rule 172 under the Act or any similar rule) or (b) the Lock-Up Period (as defined herein) expires, the Company shall notify you immediately upon an event that causes the Company to no longer qualify as an EGC;

 

(e)           if, at any time during the period when a prospectus is required by the Act to be delivered (whether physically or through compliance with Rule 172 under the Act or any similar rule) in connection with any sale of Shares, the Registration Statement shall cease to comply with the requirements of the Act with respect to eligibility for the

 

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use of the form on which the Registration Statement was filed with the Commission, to (i) promptly notify you, (ii) promptly file with the Commission a new registration statement under the Act, relating to the Shares, or a post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement, which new registration statement or post-effective amendment shall comply with the requirements of the Act and shall be in a form satisfactory to you, (iii) use its best efforts to cause such new registration statement or post-effective amendment to become effective under the Act as soon as practicable, (iv) promptly notify you of such effectiveness and (v) take all other action necessary or appropriate to permit the public offering and sale of the Shares to continue as contemplated in the Prospectus; all references herein to the Registration Statement shall be deemed to include each such new registration statement or post-effective amendment, if any;

 

(f)                                   if the third anniversary of the initial effective date of the Registration Statement (within the meaning of Rule 415(a)(5) under the Act) shall occur at any time during the period when a prospectus is required by the Act to be delivered (whether physically or through compliance with Rule 172 under the Act or any similar rule) in connection with any sale of Shares, to (i) file with the Commission, prior to such third anniversary, a new registration statement under the Act relating to the Shares, which new registration statement shall comply with the requirements of the Act (including, without limitation, Rule 415(a)(6) under the Act) and shall be in a form satisfactory to you; and (ii) use its best efforts to cause such new registration statement to become effective under the Act as soon as practicable, but in any event within 180 days after such third anniversary and promptly notify you of such effectiveness; the Company shall take all other action necessary or appropriate to permit the public offering and sale of the Shares to continue as contemplated in the Prospectus; all references herein to the Registration Statement shall be deemed to include each such new registration statement, if any;

 

(g)                                  for so long as a prospectus is required by the Act to be delivered (whether physically or through compliance with Rule 172 under the Act or any similar rule) in connection with any sale of Shares (i) to advise you promptly, confirming such advice in writing, of any request by the Commission for amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement, any Pre-Pricing Prospectus, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus or for additional information with respect thereto, or of notice of institution of proceedings for, or the entry of a stop order, suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement and, if the Commission should enter a stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, to use its reasonable best efforts to obtain the lifting or removal of such order as soon as possible; and (ii) to advise you promptly of any proposal to amend or supplement the Registration Statement, any Pre-Pricing Prospectus or the Prospectus, and to provide you and Underwriters’ counsel copies of any such documents for review and comment a reasonable amount of time prior to any proposed filing and to file no such amendment or supplement to which you shall object in writing;

 

(h)                                 subject to Section 4(g) hereof, to file promptly all reports and documents and any preliminary or definitive proxy or information statement required to be filed by the Company with the Commission in order to comply with the Exchange Act for so long as a prospectus is required by the Act to be delivered (whether physically or through

 

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compliance with Rule 172 under the Act or any similar rule) in connection with any sale of Shares; and to provide you, for your review, with a copy of such reports and statements and other documents to be filed by the Company pursuant to Section 13, 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act during such period a reasonable amount of time prior to any proposed filing; and to promptly notify you of such filing;

 

(i)                                     to advise the Underwriters promptly of the happening of any event within the period during which a prospectus is required by the Act to be delivered (whether physically or through compliance with Rule 172 under the Act or any similar rule) in connection with any sale of Shares, which event could require the making of any change in the Prospectus then being used so that the Prospectus would not include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading, and to advise the Underwriters promptly if, during such period, it shall become necessary to amend or supplement the Prospectus to cause the Prospectus to comply with the requirements of the Act, and, in each case, during such time, subject to Section 4(g) hereof, to prepare and furnish, at the Company’s expense, to the Underwriters promptly such amendments or supplements to such Prospectus as may be necessary to reflect any such change or to effect such compliance;

 

(j)                                    to make generally available to its security holders, and, if not available on the Commission’s Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval system (“EDGAR”), to deliver to you, an earnings statement of the Company (which will satisfy the provisions of Section 11(a) of the Act) covering a period of twelve months beginning after the effective date of the Registration Statement (as defined in Rule 158(c) under the Act) as soon as is reasonably practicable after the termination of such twelve-month period but in any case not later than April 30, 2016;

 

(k)                                 to furnish to you one copy for each Managing Underwriter and one copy for the Underwriters’ counsel of the Registration Statement, as initially filed with the Commission, and of all amendments thereto (including all exhibits thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein) and sufficient copies of the foregoing (other than exhibits) for distribution of a copy to each of the other Underwriters;

 

(l)                                     to furnish to you as early as reasonably practicable prior to the time of purchase and any additional time of purchase, as the case may be, but not later than two business days prior thereto, a copy of the latest available unaudited interim and monthly financial statements, if any, of the Company which have been read by the Company’s independent registered public accountants, as stated in their letter to be furnished pursuant to Section 7(c) hereof, provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to furnish any materials pursuant to this clause if such materials are available via EDGAR;

 

(m)                             to apply the net proceeds from the sale of the Shares in the manner set forth under the caption “Use of Proceeds” in the Prospectus;

 

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(n)                                 to pay all costs, expenses, fees and taxes in connection with (i) the preparation and filing of the Registration Statement, each Basic Prospectus, each Pre-Pricing Prospectus, the Prospectus Supplement, the Prospectus, each Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, if any, and any amendments or supplements thereto, and the printing and furnishing of copies of each thereof to the Underwriters and to dealers (including costs of mailing and shipment), (ii) the registration, issue, sale and delivery of the Shares including any stock or transfer taxes and stamp or similar duties payable upon the sale, issuance or delivery of the Shares to the Underwriters, (iii) the producing, word processing and/or printing of this Agreement, any Agreement Among Underwriters, any dealer agreements and any closing documents (including compilations thereof by the Company or its counsel) and the reproduction and/or printing and furnishing of copies of each thereof to the Underwriters and (except closing documents) to dealers (including costs of mailing and shipment), (iv) the qualification of the Shares for offering and sale under state or foreign laws and the determination of their eligibility for investment under state or foreign law (including the reasonable legal fees and filing fees and other disbursements of counsel for the Underwriters) and the printing and furnishing of copies of any blue sky surveys or legal investment surveys to the Underwriters and to dealers, (v) any listing of the Shares on any securities exchange or qualification of the Shares for listing on the NASDAQ and any registration thereof under the Exchange Act, (vi) any filing for review of the public offering of the Shares by FINRA, including the reasonable legal fees and filing fees and other disbursements of counsel to the Underwriters relating to FINRA matters, (vii) the fees and disbursements of any transfer agent or registrar for the Shares, (viii) the costs and expenses of the Company relating to presentations or meetings undertaken in connection with the marketing of the offering and sale of the Shares to prospective investors and the Underwriters’ sales forces, including, without limitation, expenses associated with the production of road show slides and graphics, fees and expenses of any consultants engaged by the Company or by the Underwriters with the Company’s consent in connection with the road show presentations, travel, lodging and other expenses incurred by the officers of the Company and any such consultants, provided that the cost of any aircraft chartered in connection with the road show shall be shared equally between the Underwriters and the Company, (ix) costs relating to any Exempt Oral Communications and Covered Exempt Written Communications, (x) the costs and expenses of qualifying the Shares for inclusion in the book-entry settlement system of the DTC and (xi) the performance of the Company’s other obligations hereunder;

 

(o)                                 to comply with Rule 433(d) under the Act (without reliance on Rule 164(b) under the Act) and with Rule 433(g) under the Act;

 

(p)                                 beginning on the date hereof and ending on, and including, the date that is 90 days after the date of the Prospectus Supplement (the “Lock-Up Period”), without the prior written consent of the Representatives, not to (i) issue, sell, offer to sell, contract or agree to sell, hypothecate, pledge, grant any option to purchase or otherwise dispose of or agree to dispose of, directly or indirectly, or establish or increase a put equivalent position or liquidate or decrease a call equivalent position within the meaning of Section 16 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder, with respect to, any Common Stock or any other securities of the Company

 

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that are substantially similar to Common Stock, or any securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for, or any warrants or other rights to purchase, the foregoing, (ii) file or cause to become effective a registration statement under the Act relating to the offer and sale of any Common Stock or any other securities of the Company that are substantially similar to Common Stock, or any securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for, or any warrants or other rights to purchase, the foregoing, provided that if the Company receives a demand request pursuant to Section 2.1 of the IRA, this Section 4(p)(ii) shall not prevent the Company from complying with its obligations under the IRA, provided further that (x) the Company shall not file any registration statement in connection with any such request any earlier than the 45th day after the effective date of this Agreement and (y) no such registration statement filed or declared effective during the Lock-Up Period shall include any securities of the Company nor any securities of the Company’s directors and “officers” (within the meaning of Rule 16a-1(f) under the Exchange Act) (iii) enter into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of Common Stock or any other securities of the Company that are substantially similar to Common Stock, or any securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for, or any warrants or other rights to purchase, the foregoing, whether any such transaction is to be settled by delivery of Common Stock or such other securities, in cash or otherwise or (iv) publicly announce an intention to effect any transaction specified in clause (i), (ii) or (iii), except, in each case, for (A) the registration of the offer and sale of the Shares as contemplated by this Agreement, (B) issuances of Common Stock upon (i) the exercise of options or warrants or (ii) pursuant to restricted stock units, in each case granted under existing equity plans described in the Registration Statement (excluding the exhibits thereto), each Pre-Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus, and (C) the grant of awards under equity incentive plans described in the Registration Statement (excluding the exhibits thereto), each Pre-Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus and the grant of stock options pursuant to the Company’s inducement award programs, as described in the Registration Statement on Form S-8 on December 19, 2014, provided that each recipient thereof named on Exhibit A-1 who receives a grant of an award that is exercisable during the Lock-Up Period signs a Lock-Up Agreement in the form referred to in Section 3(z) hereof, (D) the filing by the Company of any registration statement on Form S-8 or a successor form thereto, and (E) issuances of Common Stock or other securities in connection with a transaction that includes a commercial relationship (including joint ventures, marketing or distribution arrangements, collaboration agreements or intellectual property license agreements) or any acquisition of assets or at least a controlling portion of the equity of another entity, provided that (x) the aggregate number of shares of securities issued pursuant to this clause (E) shall not exceed 5.0% of the total number of outstanding shares of Common Stock immediately following the issuance and sale of the Firm Shares pursuant hereto and (y) the holder of such shares or securities shall sign a Lock-Up Agreement in the form referred to in Section 3(z) hereof;

 

(q)                                 prior to the time of purchase or any additional time of purchase, as the case may be, to provide you, for your review, copies of any press release or other communication to be issued by the Company and to notify you in advance of any press conferences with respect to the Company or the Subsidiary, the financial condition,

 

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results of operations, business, properties, assets, or liabilities of the Company or the Subsidiary, or the offering of the Shares;

 

(r)                                    not, at any time at or after the execution of this Agreement, to, directly or indirectly, offer or sell any Shares by means of any “prospectus” (within the meaning of the Act), or use any “prospectus” (within the meaning of the Act) in connection with the offer or sale of the Shares, in each case other than the Prospectus;

 

(s)                                   not to, and to cause the Subsidiary not to, take, directly or indirectly, without giving effect to activities by the Underwriters, any action designed, or which will constitute, or has constituted, or might reasonably be expected to cause or result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Shares;

 

(t)                                    to use its best efforts to cause the Shares to be listed on the NASDAQ and to maintain such listing on the NASDAQ; and

 

(u)                                 to maintain a transfer agent and, if necessary under the jurisdiction of incorporation of the Company, a registrar for the Common Stock.

 

5.                                      Reimbursement of the Underwriters’ Expenses.  If, after the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Shares are not delivered for any reason other than the termination of this Agreement pursuant to the fifth paragraph of Section 8 hereof or the default by one or more of the Underwriters in its or their respective obligations hereunder, the Company shall, in addition to paying the amounts described in Section 4(n) hereof, reimburse the Underwriters for all of their out-of-pocket expenses, including the fees and disbursements of their counsel, reasonably incurred by the Underwriters in connection with the offering of the Shares and the other transactions contemplated hereby.

 

6.                                      Conditions of the Underwriters’ Obligations.  The several obligations of the Underwriters hereunder are subject to the accuracy of the representations and warranties on the part of the Company on the date hereof, at the time of purchase and, if applicable, at the additional time of purchase, the performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder and to the following additional conditions precedent:

 

(a)                                 The Company shall furnish to you at the time of purchase and, if applicable, at the additional time of purchase, (i) an opinion of Ropes & Gray LLP, counsel for the Company, addressed to the Underwriters, and dated the time of purchase or the additional time of purchase, as the case may be, with executed copies for each Underwriter, in the form set forth in Exhibit B-1 hereto and (ii) a negative assurance letter of Ropes & Gray LLP, counsel for the Company, addressed to the Underwriters, and dated the time of purchase or the additional time of purchase, as the case may be, with executed copies for each Underwriter, in the form set forth in Exhibit B-2 hereto.

 

(b)                                 The Company shall furnish to you at the time of purchase and, if applicable, at the additional time of purchase, an opinion of Lando & Anastasi, LLP, intellectual property counsel for the Company with respect to patents and proprietary rights, addressed to the Underwriters, and dated the time of purchase or the additional

 

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time of purchase, as the case may be, with executed copies for each Underwriter, in the form set forth in Exhibit C hereto.

 

(c)                                  You shall have received from Ernst & Young LLP letters dated, respectively, the date of this Agreement, the date of the Prospectus, the time of purchase and, if applicable, the additional time of purchase, and addressed to the Underwriters (with executed copies for each Underwriter) in the forms satisfactory to Jefferies, which letters shall cover, without limitation, the various financial disclosures contained in the Registration Statement, the Pre-Pricing Prospectus and the Prospectus.

 

(d)                                 You shall have received at the time of purchase and, if applicable, at the additional time of purchase, the favorable opinion of Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP, counsel for the Underwriters, dated the time of purchase or the additional time of purchase, as the case may be, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Jefferies.

 

(e)                                  No Prospectus or amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus shall have been filed to which you shall have objected in writing.

 

(f)                                   The Registration Statement and any registration statement required to be filed, prior to the sale of the Shares, under the Act pursuant to Rule 462(b) shall have been filed and shall have become effective under the Act.  The Prospectus shall have been filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Act at or before 5:30 P.M., New York City time, on the second full business day after the date of this Agreement (or such earlier time as may be required under the Act).

 

(g)                                  (i) At the time of purchase, and if applicable, the additional time of purchase, no stop order with respect to the effectiveness of the Registration Statement shall have been issued under the Act or proceedings initiated under Section 8(d) or 8(e) of the Act; (ii) the Registration Statement did not, as of the Effective Time, contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; (iii) as of the Applicable Time, the Disclosure Package shall not include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading; (iv) the Pre-Pricing Prospectus did not, as of the time it was filed with the Commission, contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; and (v) as of its date, the date it is filed with the Commission, the time of purchase and each additional time of purchase, if any, the Prospectus shall not, as then amended or supplemented, include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading.

 

(h)                                 The Company will, at the time of purchase and, if applicable, at the additional time of purchase, deliver to you a certificate of its Chief Executive Officer and its Chief Financial Officer, dated the time of purchase or the additional time of purchase, as the case may be, in the form attached as Exhibit D hereto.

 

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(i)                                     The Company will, at the time of purchase and, if applicable, at the additional time of purchase, deliver to you a certificate of its Chief Financial Officer, dated the time of purchase or the additional time of purchase, as the case may be, in the form attached as Exhibit E hereto.

 

(j)                                    You shall have received each of the signed Lock-Up Agreements referred to in Section 3(z) hereof, and each such Lock-Up Agreement shall be in full force and effect at the time of purchase and the additional time of purchase, as the case may be.

 

(k)                                 The Company shall have furnished to you such other documents and certificates as to the accuracy and completeness of any statement in the Registration Statement, any Pre-Pricing Prospectus, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus as of the time of purchase and, if applicable, the additional time of purchase, as you may reasonably request.

 

(l)                                     The Shares shall have been approved for listing on the NASDAQ, subject only to notice of issuance at or prior to the time of purchase or the additional time of purchase, as the case may be.

 

(m)                             FINRA shall not have raised any objection with respect to the fairness or reasonableness of the underwriting, or other arrangements of the transactions, contemplated hereby.

 

7.                                      Effective Date of Agreement; Termination.  This Agreement shall become effective when the parties hereto have executed and delivered this Agreement.

 

The obligations of the several Underwriters hereunder shall be subject to termination in the absolute discretion of Jefferies, if (1) since the time of execution of this Agreement or the earlier respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus there has been any change or any development involving a prospective change in the business, properties, management, financial condition or results of operations of the Company and the Subsidiary taken as a whole, the effect of which change or development is, in the sole judgment of Jefferies, so material and adverse as to make it impractical or inadvisable to proceed with the public offering or the delivery of the Shares on the terms and in the manner contemplated in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus or (2) since the time of execution of this Agreement, there shall have occurred: (A) a suspension or material limitation in trading in securities generally on the NYSE, the NYSE MKT or the NASDAQ; (B) a suspension or material limitation in trading in the Company’s securities on the NASDAQ; (C) a general moratorium on commercial banking activities declared by either federal or New York State authorities or a material disruption in commercial banking or securities settlement or clearance services in the United States; (D) an outbreak or escalation of hostilities or acts of terrorism involving the United States or a declaration by the United States of a national emergency or war; or (E) any other calamity or crisis or any change in financial, political or economic conditions in the United States or elsewhere, if the effect of any such event specified in clause (D) or (E), in the sole judgment of Jefferies, makes it impractical or inadvisable to proceed with the public offering or the delivery of the Shares on the terms and in the manner contemplated in the Registration

 

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Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, or (3) since the time of execution of this Agreement, there shall have occurred any downgrading, or any notice or announcement shall have been given or made of: (A) any intended or potential downgrading or (B) any watch, review or possible change that does not indicate an affirmation or improvement in the rating accorded any securities of or guaranteed by the Company  or the Subsidiary by any “nationally recognized statistical rating organization,” as that term is defined in Rule 436(g)(2) under the Act.

 

If Jefferies elects to terminate this Agreement as provided in this Section 7, the Company and each other Underwriter shall be notified promptly in writing.

 

If the sale to the Underwriters of the Shares, as contemplated by this Agreement, is not carried out by the Underwriters for any reason permitted under this Agreement, or if such sale is not carried out because the Company shall be unable to comply with any of the terms of this Agreement, the Company shall not be under any obligation or liability under this Agreement (except to the extent provided in Sections 4(n), 5 and 9 hereof); and the Underwriters shall be under no obligation or liability to the Company under this Agreement (except to the extent provided in Section 9 hereof) or to one another hereunder.

 

8.                                      Increase in Underwriters’ Commitments.  Subject to Sections 6 and 7 hereof, if any Underwriter shall default in its obligation to take up and pay for the Firm Shares to be purchased by it hereunder (otherwise than for a failure of a condition set forth in Section 6 hereof or the termination of this Agreement under the provisions of Section 7 hereof) and if the number of Firm Shares which all Underwriters so defaulting shall have agreed but failed to take up and pay for does not exceed 10% of the total number of Firm Shares, the non-defaulting Underwriters (including the Underwriters, if any, substituted in the manner set forth below) shall take up and pay for (in addition to the aggregate number of Firm Shares they are obligated to purchase pursuant to Section 1 hereof) the number of Firm Shares agreed to be purchased by all such defaulting Underwriters, as hereinafter provided.  Such Shares shall be taken up and paid for by such non-defaulting Underwriters in such amount or amounts as you may designate with the consent of each Underwriter so designated or, in the event no such designation is made, such Shares shall be taken up and paid for by all non-defaulting Underwriters pro rata in proportion to the aggregate number of Firm Shares set forth opposite the names of such non-defaulting Underwriters in Schedule A.

 

Without relieving any defaulting Underwriter from its obligations hereunder, the Company agrees with the non-defaulting Underwriters that it will not sell any Firm Shares hereunder unless all of the Firm Shares are purchased by the Underwriters (or by substituted Underwriters selected by you with the approval of the Company or selected by the Company with your approval).

 

If a new Underwriter or Underwriters are substituted by the Underwriters or by the Company for a defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters in accordance with the foregoing provision, the Company or you shall have the right to postpone the time of purchase for a period not exceeding five business days in order that any necessary changes in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and other documents may be effected.

 

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The term “Underwriter” as used in this Agreement shall refer to and include any Underwriter substituted under this Section 8 with like effect as if such substituted Underwriter had originally been named in Schedule A hereto.

 

If the aggregate number of Firm Shares which the defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters agreed to purchase exceeds 10% of the total number of Firm Shares which all Underwriters agreed to purchase hereunder, and if neither the non-defaulting Underwriters nor the Company shall make arrangements within the five-business day period stated above for the purchase of all the Firm Shares which the defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters agreed to purchase hereunder, this Agreement shall terminate without further act or deed and without any liability on the part of the Company to any Underwriter and without any liability on the part of any non-defaulting Underwriter to the Company.  Nothing in this paragraph, and no action taken hereunder, shall relieve any defaulting Underwriter from liability in respect of any default of such Underwriter under this Agreement.

 

9.                                      Indemnity and Contribution.

 

(a)                                 The Company agrees to indemnify, defend and hold harmless each Underwriter, its partners, directors, officers and members, any person who controls any Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, and any “affiliate” (within the meaning of Rule 405 under the Act) of such Underwriter, and the successors and assigns of all of the foregoing persons, from and against any loss, damage, expense, liability or claim (including the reasonable cost of investigation) which, jointly or severally, any such Underwriter or any such person may incur under the Act, the Exchange Act, the common law or otherwise, insofar as such loss, damage, expense, liability or claim arises out of or is based upon (i) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement (or in the Registration Statement as amended by any post-effective amendment thereof by the Company) or arises out of or is based upon any omission or alleged omission to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, except insofar as any such loss, damage, expense, liability or claim arises out of or is based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in, and in conformity with information relating to such Underwriter furnished in writing by or on behalf of such Underwriter through you to the Company expressly for use in, the Registration Statement or arises out of or is based upon any omission or alleged omission to state a material fact in the Registration Statement in connection with such information, which material fact was not contained in such information and which material fact was required to be stated in such Registration Statement or was necessary to make such information not misleading or (ii) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact included in any Prospectus (the term Prospectus for the purpose of this Section 9 being deemed to include any Basic Prospectus, any Pre-Pricing Prospectus, the Prospectus Supplement, the Prospectus and any amendments or supplements to the foregoing), in any Covered Free Writing Prospectus, in any Covered Exempt Written Communication, in any “issuer information” (as defined in Rule 433 under the Act) of the Company or in any Prospectus together with any combination of one or more of the Covered Free Writing Prospectuses, if any, and one or more Covered Exempt Written Communications, if any, or arises out of or is

 

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based upon any omission or alleged omission to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, except, with respect to such Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus or any Permitted Exempt Written Communication, insofar as any such loss, damage, expense, liability or claim arises out of or is based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in, and in conformity with information relating to any Underwriter furnished in writing by or on behalf of such Underwriter through you to the Company expressly for use in, such Prospectus or Permitted Free Writing Prospectus or Permitted Exempt Written Communication or arises out of or is based upon any omission or alleged omission to state a material fact in such Prospectus or Permitted Free Writing Prospectus or Permitted Exempt Written Communication in connection with such information, which material fact was not contained in such information and which material fact was necessary in order to make the statements in such information, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.

 

(b)                                 Each Underwriter severally agrees to indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Company, its directors and officers, and any person who controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, and the successors and assigns of all of the foregoing persons, from and against any loss, damage, expense, liability or claim (including the reasonable cost of investigation) which, jointly or severally, the Company or any such person may incur under the Act, the Exchange Act, the common law or otherwise, insofar as such loss, damage, expense, liability or claim arises out of or is based upon (i) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in, and in conformity with information relating to any Underwriter furnished in writing by or on behalf of such Underwriter through you to the Company expressly for use in, the Registration Statement (or in the Registration Statement as amended by any post-effective amendment thereof by the Company), or arises out of or is based upon any omission or alleged omission to state a material fact in such Registration Statement in connection with such information, which material fact was not contained in such information and which material fact was required to be stated in such Registration Statement or was necessary to make such information not misleading or (ii) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in, and in conformity with information relating to any Underwriter furnished in writing by or on behalf of such Underwriter through you to the Company expressly for use in, a Prospectus or  Permitted Free Writing Prospectus or Permitted Exempt Written Communication, or arises out of or is based upon any omission or alleged omission to state a material fact in such Prospectus, or Permitted Free Writing Prospectus or Permitted Exempt Written Communication in connection with such information, which material fact was not contained in such information and which material fact was necessary in order to make the statements in such information, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.

 

(c)                                  If any action, suit or proceeding (each, a “Proceeding”) is brought against a person (an “indemnified party”) in respect of which indemnity may be sought against the Company or an Underwriter (as applicable, the “indemnifying party”) pursuant to subsection (a) or (b), respectively, of this Section 9, such indemnified party shall

 

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promptly notify such indemnifying party in writing of the institution of such Proceeding and such indemnifying party shall assume the defense of such Proceeding, including the retention of counsel reasonably satisfactory to such indemnified party, and pay all legal or other fees and expenses related to such Proceeding or incurred in connection with such indemnified party’s enforcement of subsection (a) of this Section 9; provided, however, that the omission to so notify such indemnifying party shall not relieve such indemnifying party from any liability that such indemnifying party may have to any indemnified party pursuant to subsection (a) or (b), except to the extent that it has been materially prejudiced (through the forfeiture of substantive rights or defenses by such failure) or otherwise.  The indemnified party or parties shall have the right to retain its or their own counsel in any such case, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such indemnified party or parties unless (i) the retention of such counsel shall have been authorized in writing by the indemnifying party in connection with the defense of such Proceeding, (ii) the indemnifying party shall not have, within a reasonable period of time in light of the circumstances, retained counsel to defend such Proceeding or (iii) such indemnified party or parties shall have reasonably concluded that there may be defenses available to it or them that are different from, additional to or in conflict with those available to such indemnifying party (in which case such indemnifying party shall have the right to participate in but not the right to direct the defense of such Proceeding on behalf of the indemnified party or parties), in any of which events such fees and expenses shall be borne by such indemnifying party and paid as incurred (it being understood, however, that such indemnifying party shall not be liable for the fees or expenses of more than one separate counsel (in addition to any local counsel) in any one Proceeding or series of related Proceedings in the same jurisdiction representing the indemnified parties who are parties to such Proceeding). The indemnifying party shall not be liable for any settlement of any Proceeding effected without its written consent but, if settled with its written consent, such indemnifying party agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the indemnified party or parties from and against any loss or liability by reason of such settlement. Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, if at any time an indemnified party shall have requested an indemnifying party to reimburse the indemnified party for fees and expenses of counsel as contemplated by the second sentence of this Section 9(c), then the indemnifying party agrees that it shall be liable for any settlement of any Proceeding effected without its written consent if (i) such settlement is entered into more than 60 business days after receipt by such indemnifying party of the aforesaid request, (ii) such indemnifying party shall not have fully reimbursed the indemnified party in accordance with such request prior to the date of such settlement and (iii) such indemnified party shall have given the indemnifying party at least 30 days’ prior notice of its intention to settle.  No indemnifying party shall, without the prior written consent of the indemnified party, effect any settlement of any pending or threatened Proceeding in respect of which any indemnified party is or could have been a party and indemnity could have been sought hereunder by such indemnified party, unless such settlement includes an unconditional release of such indemnified party from all liability on claims that are the subject matter of such Proceeding and does not include an admission of fault or culpability or a failure to act by or on behalf of such indemnified party.

 

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(d)           If the indemnification provided for in this Section 9 is unavailable to an indemnified party under subsections (a) and (b) of this Section 9 or insufficient to hold an indemnified party harmless in respect of any losses, damages, expenses, liabilities or claims referred to therein, then each applicable indemnifying party shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a result of such losses, damages, expenses, liabilities or claims (i) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other hand from the offering of the Shares or (ii) if the allocation provided by clause (i) above is not permitted by applicable law, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred to in clause (i) above but also the relative fault of the Company on the one hand and of the Underwriters on the other in connection with the statements or omissions which resulted in such losses, damages, expenses, liabilities or claims, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations.  The relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other shall be deemed to be in the same respective proportions as the total proceeds from the offering (net of underwriting discounts and commissions but before deducting expenses) received by the Company, and the total underwriting discounts and commissions received by the Underwriters, bear to the aggregate public offering price of the Shares.  The relative fault of the Company on the one hand and of the Underwriters on the other shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or omission or alleged omission relates to information supplied by the Company or by the Underwriters and the parties’ relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. The amount paid or payable by a party as a result of the losses, damages, expenses, liabilities and claims referred to in this subsection shall be deemed to include any legal or other fees or expenses reasonably incurred by such party in connection with investigating, preparing to defend or defending any Proceeding.

 

(e)           The Company and the Underwriters agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 9 were determined by pro rata allocation (even if the Underwriters were treated as one entity for such purpose) or by any other method of allocation that does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to in subsection (d) above.  Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 9, no Underwriter shall be required to contribute any amount in excess of the amount by which the total price at which the Shares underwritten by such Underwriter and distributed to the public were offered to the public exceeds the amount of any damage which such Underwriter has otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission.  No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation.  The Underwriters’ obligations to contribute pursuant to this Section 9 are several in proportion to their respective underwriting commitments and not joint.

 

(f)            The indemnity and contribution agreements contained in this Section 9 and the covenants, warranties and representations of the Company contained in this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of any Underwriter or any of their respective partners, directors, officers or

 

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members or any person (including each partner, officer, director or member of such person) who controls any Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, or by or on behalf of the Company, its directors or officers or any person who controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, and shall survive any termination of this Agreement or the issuance and delivery of the Shares.  The Company and each Underwriter agree promptly to notify each other of the commencement of any Proceeding against it and, in the case of the Company, against any of the Company’s officers or directors in connection with the issuance and sale of the Shares, or in connection with the Registration Statement, any Basic Prospectus, any Pre-Pricing Prospectus, the Prospectus Supplement, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus.

 

10.                               Information Furnished by the Underwriters.  The first two sentences of the first paragraph under the caption “Underwriting—Commission and Expenses,” the first sentence of the first paragraph, the second and third sentence of the second paragraph, the second sentence of the third paragraph and the sixth paragraph under the caption “Underwriting—Stabilization” and the first sentence below the caption “Underwriting—Electronic Distribution” in the Prospectus and the second sentence of the first paragraph under the caption “Underwriting—Commission and Expenses” in the Pre-Pricing Prospectus, only insofar as such statements relate to the amount of selling concession and reallowance, over-allotment and stabilization activities that may be undertaken by the Underwriters or electronic distribution of the Prospectus, constitute the only information furnished by or on behalf of the Underwriters, as such information is referred to in Sections 3 and 9 hereof.

 

11.                               Notices.  Except as otherwise herein provided, all statements, requests, notices and agreements shall be in writing or by telegram or facsimile and, if to the Underwriters, shall be sufficient in all respects if delivered or sent to Jefferies LLC, 520 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10022, Attention: General Counsel (fax: (646) 619-4437) and Leerink Partners LLC, 299 Park Avenue, New York, New York, Attention: Syndicate Department (tel: (800) (808 7525); and if to the Company, shall be sufficient in all respects if delivered or sent to the Company at the offices of the Company at 117 Kendrick Street, Suite 440, Needham, Massachusetts, 02142, Attention: General Counsel.

 

12.                               Governing Law; Construction.  This Agreement and any claim, counterclaim or dispute of any kind or nature whatsoever arising out of or in any way relating to this Agreement (“Claim”), directly or indirectly, shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York.  The section headings in this Agreement have been inserted as a matter of convenience of reference and are not a part of this Agreement.

 

13.                               Submission to Jurisdiction.  Except as set forth below, no Claim may be commenced, prosecuted or continued in any court other than the courts of the State of New York located in the City and County of New York or in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, which courts shall have exclusive jurisdiction over the adjudication of such matters, and the Company consents to the jurisdiction of such courts and personal service with respect thereto. The Company hereby consents to personal jurisdiction, service and venue in any court in which any Claim arising out of or in any way relating to this Agreement is brought by any third party against any Underwriter or any indemnified party to the

 

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extent such Underwriter or indemnified party is likewise subject. Each Underwriter and the Company (on its behalf and, to the extent permitted by applicable law, on behalf of its stockholders and affiliates) waive all right to trial by jury in any action, proceeding or counterclaim (whether based upon contract, tort or otherwise) in any way arising out of or relating to this Agreement. The Company agrees that a final judgment in any such action, proceeding or counterclaim brought in any such court shall be conclusive and binding upon the Company and may be enforced in any other courts to the jurisdiction of which the Company is or may be subject, by suit upon such judgment.

 

14.                               Parties at Interest.  The Agreement herein set forth has been and is made solely for the benefit of the Underwriters and the Company and to the extent provided in Section 9 hereof the controlling persons, partners, directors, officers, members and affiliates referred to in such Section, and their respective successors, assigns, heirs, personal representatives and executors and administrators.  No other person, partnership, association or corporation (including a purchaser, as such purchaser, from any of the Underwriters) shall acquire or have any right under or by virtue of this Agreement.

 

15.                               No Fiduciary Relationship.  The Company hereby acknowledges that the Underwriters are acting solely as underwriters in connection with the purchase and sale of the Company’s securities.  The Company further acknowledges that the Underwriters are acting pursuant to a contractual relationship created solely by this Agreement entered into on an arm’s length basis, and in no event do the parties intend that the Underwriters act or be responsible as a fiduciary to the Company, its management, stockholders or creditors or any other person in connection with any activity that the Underwriters may undertake or have undertaken in furtherance of the purchase and sale of the Company’s securities, either before or after the date hereof.  The Underwriters hereby expressly disclaim any fiduciary or similar obligations to the Company, either in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or any matters leading up to such transactions, and the Company hereby confirms its understanding and agreement to that effect.  The Company and the Underwriters agree that they are each responsible for making their own independent judgments with respect to any such transactions and that any opinions or views expressed by the Underwriters to the Company regarding such transactions, including, but not limited to, any opinions or views with respect to the price or market for the Company’s securities, do not constitute advice or recommendations to the Company.  The Company and the Underwriters agree that the Underwriters are acting as principal and not the agent or fiduciary of the Company and no Underwriter has assumed, and none of them will assume, any advisory responsibility in favor of the Company with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby or the process leading thereto (irrespective of whether any Underwriter has advised or is currently advising the Company on other matters).  The Company hereby waives and releases, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any claims that the Company may have against the Underwriters with respect to any breach or alleged breach of any fiduciary, advisory or similar duty to the Company in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or any matters leading up to such transactions.

 

16.                               Counterparts.  This Agreement may be signed by the parties in one or more counterparts which together shall constitute one and the same agreement among the parties.

 

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17.                               Successors and Assigns.  This Agreement shall be binding upon the Underwriters and the Company and their successors and assigns and any successor or assign of any substantial portion of the Company’s and any of the Underwriters’ respective businesses and/or assets.

 

[The Remainder of This Page Intentionally Left Blank; Signature Page Follows]

 

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If the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding of our agreement, kindly sign and return to the Company the enclosed copies hereof, whereupon this instrument, along with all counterparts hereof, shall become a binding agreement in accordance with its terms.

 

 

Very truly yours,

 

 

 

VERASTEM, INC.

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ John B. Green

 

 

Name:

John B. Green

 

 

Title:

Chief Financial Officer

 



 

The foregoing Underwriting Agreement is hereby confirmed and accepted by the Representatives in New York, New York as of the date first above written.

 

JEFFERIES LLC

LEERINK PARTNERS LLC

Acting individually and as Representatives

of the several Underwriters named in

the attached Schedule A.

 

JEFFERIES LLC

 

 

By:

/s/ Dustin Tyner

 

 

Name:

Dustin Tyner

 

 

Title:

Managing Director

 

 

 

 

LEERINK PARTNERS LLC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Jon Civitarese

 

 

Name:

Jon Civitarese

 

 

Title:

Managing Director

 

 



 

Schedule A

 

Underwriters

 

Number of
Firm Shares
to be 
Purchased

 

Jefferies LLC

 

2,900,000

 

Leerink Partners LLC

 

2,900,000

 

Guggenheim Securities, LLC

 

725,000

 

Oppenheimer & Co., Inc.

 

725,000

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

7,250,000

 

 



 

Schedule B

 

Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses

 

None.

 

Permitted Exempt Written Communications

 

None.

 

Pricing Information Provided Orally by Underwriters

 

Price per share to the public: $6.50

 

Number of Shares to be sold: 7,250,000

 


Exhibit 5.1

 

ROPES & GRAY LLP

PRUDENTIAL TOWER

800 BOYLSTON STREET

BOSTON, MA  02199-3600

WWW.ROPESGRAY.COM

 

 

 

January 22, 2015

 

Verastem, Inc.

117 Kendrick Street, Suite 500

Needham, Massachusetts 02494

 

Re:          Registration Statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-192968)

 

Ladies and Gentlemen:

 

We have acted as counsel to Verastem, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”) in connection with the issuance and sale of 8,337,500 shares of the Company’s common stock, $.0001 par value (the “Shares”), pursuant to the above-referenced registration statement (the “Registration Statement”) and the base prospectus dated January 8, 2014 (the “Base Prospectus”) and prospectus supplement dated January 22, 2015 (together with the Base Prospectus, the “Prospectus”), filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”).  The Shares are being sold pursuant to an underwriting agreement, dated the date hereof, among the Company and the underwriters named therein (the “Underwriting Agreement”).

 

In connection with this opinion letter, we have examined such certificates, documents and records and have made such investigation of fact and such examination of law as we have deemed appropriate in order to enable us to render the opinions set forth herein.  In conducting such investigation, we have relied, without independent verification, upon certificates of officers of the Company, public officials and other appropriate persons.

 

The opinions expressed below are limited to the Delaware General Corporation Law.

 

Based upon and subject to the foregoing, we are of the opinion that the Shares have been duly authorized and, when issued and delivered pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement against payment of the consideration set forth therein, will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.

 

We hereby consent to your filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and to the use of our name therein and in the related Prospectus under the caption “Legal Matters.”  In giving such consent, we do not thereby admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act or the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.

 



 

 

Very truly yours,

 

 

 

/s/ Ropes & Gray LLP

 

 

 

Ropes & Gray LLP

 

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